MySQLTuner-perl 项目下载及安装教程

1. 项目介绍

MySQLTuner 是一个用 Perl 编写的脚本，旨在帮助用户快速审查 MySQL 安装配置，并提供提升性能和稳定性的建议。该脚本支持约 300 个 MySQL/MariaDB/Percona Server 的指标，适用于多种配置，如 Galera Cluster、TokuDB、Performance Schema、Linux OS 指标、InnoDB、MyISAM 等。

2. 项目下载位置

MySQLTuner-perl 项目托管在 GitHub 上，可以通过以下方式下载：

• 直接下载脚本：

  wget http://mysqltuner.pl/ -O mysqltuner.pl
  wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/major/MySQLTuner-perl/master/basic_passwords.txt -O basic_passwords.txt
  wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/major/MySQLTuner-perl/master/vulnerabilities.csv -O vulnerabilities.csv
  

• 通过 Git 克隆仓库：

  git clone https://github.com/major/MySQLTuner-perl.git
  

3. 项目安装环境配置

环境要求

• 操作系统：Unix/Linux 系统（如 Ubuntu、CentOS、Debian 等）。
• Perl 版本：Perl 5.6 或更高版本（建议安装 perl-doc 包）。
• MySQL 版本：支持 MySQL、MariaDB、Percona Server 等多种版本。

环境配置示例

以下是一个典型的环境配置示例：

1. 安装 Perl：

   sudo apt-get install perl
   

2. 安装 MySQL：

   sudo apt-get install mysql-server
   

3. 检查 Perl 版本：

   perl -v
   

   

4. 检查 MySQL 版本：

   mysql --version
   

   

4. 项目安装方式

直接运行脚本

下载完成后，可以直接运行 mysqltuner.pl 脚本：

perl mysqltuner.pl

通过 Git 克隆仓库

如果通过 Git 克隆了仓库，进入项目目录后，可以直接运行脚本：

cd MySQLTuner-perl
perl mysqltuner.pl

5. 项目处理脚本

MySQLTuner 脚本会自动分析当前 MySQL 配置，并提供性能优化建议。以下是脚本运行后的典型输出示例：

[--] Skipped version check for MySQLTuner script
[OK] Currently running supported MySQL version 5.7.35
[OK] Operating on 64-bit architecture

-------- Log file Recommendations ------------------------------------------------------------------
[--] Log file: /var/log/mysql/error.log(648K)
[OK] Log file /var/log/mysql/error.log exists
[OK] Log file /var/log/mysql/error.log is readable.
[OK] Log file /var/log/mysql/error.log is not empty
[OK] Log file /var/log/mysql/error.log is smaller than 32 Mb
[!!] Log files should be rotated to prevent filling up the disk

-------- Storage Engine Statistics -----------------------------------------------------------------
[--] Status: +ARCHIVE +BLACKHOLE +CSV +FEDERATED +InnoDB +MEMORY +MRG_MYISAM +MyISAM +PERFORMANCE_SCHEMA
[--] Data in InnoDB tables: 100M (Tables: 10)
[--] Data in MyISAM tables: 10M (Tables: 5)
[OK] Total fragmented tables: 0

-------- Security Recommendations ------------------------------------------------------------------
[OK] There are no anonymous accounts for any database users
[OK] All database users have passwords assigned
[!!] User 'root'@'localhost' has no password but allows remote connections. This is risky.

-------- Performance Metrics -----------------------------------------------------------------------
[--] Up for: 1d 5h 34m 22s (5M q [0.593 qps], 1K conn, TX: 1B, RX: 102M)
[--] Reads / Writes: 75% / 25%
[--] Total buffers: 1.0G global + 2.7M per thread (151 max threads)
[OK] Maximum possible memory usage: 1.4G (75% of installed RAM)
[!!] Slow queries: 10% (500/5M)
[!!] Highest connection usage: 90%  (136/151)
[OK] Key buffer size / total MyISAM indexes: 16.0M/10.0M
[OK] Query cache efficiency: 75.0% (3M cached / 4M selects)
[!!] Query cache prunes per day: 10000
[OK] Sorts requiring temporary tables: 0% (0 temp sorts / 1K sorts)
[!!] Temporary tables created on disk: 50% (500 on disk / 1K total)
[OK] Thread cache hit rate: 99% (1K created / 1K connections)
[OK] Table cache hit rate: 99% (1K hits / 1K requests)
[OK] Open file limit used: 1% (10/1K)
[OK] Table locks acquired immediately: 99% (1K immediate / 1K locks)

-------- Recommendations ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
General recommendations:
    Run OPTIMIZE TABLE to defragment tables for better performance
    Adjust your join queries to always utilize indexes
    Increase table_open_cache gradually to avoid file descriptor limits
    Consider installing Sysschema for better performance analysis
    When making adjustments, make tmp_table_size/max_heap_table_size equal
    Reduce your SELECT DISTINCT queries which have no LIMIT clause
    Set thread_cache_size to 4 as a starting value
    Variables to adjust:
      query_cache_size (=0)
      query_cache_type (=0)
      query_cache_size (> 16M)
      tmp_table_size (> 64M)
      max_heap_table_size (> 64M)
      table_open_cache (> 4K)
      thread_cache_size (start at 4)

通过上述输出，用户可以根据建议调整 MySQL 配置，以提升性能和稳定性。

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以上是 MySQLTuner-perl 项目的下载及安装教程，希望对您有所帮助！